|
Like many breeds, the origins of the Old English Sheepdog are not clearly
known. Over the years, different breed historians have offered their own
theories on how this breed came to be, each theory being arrived at through much
research. Each of the theories one is likely to read has a tendency to differ,
one from another, in regard to dates, places, and likely ancestors. Still, while
no one can point to any one shred of evidence and say conclusively "This is
where and how and from what ancestry the Old English Sheepdog came to be,"
something is known about the types which are believed by most historians of the
breed to be among its progenitors.
According to some old histories, the Old English Sheepdog is said to have sprung
from the Himalayan herd dog which, while bearing some resemblance to our bobtail,
was a much larger dog, and had more of the wolfhound about him. As well, the Old
English Sheepdog is said to be an ancestor of the Russian Sheepdog, again a
larger breed than ours, but similar in two important ways: type and coat color.
Indeed, the matings of various sheepdog types that resulted in the bobtail breed
were not planned in any way or charted by breeders. Still, while the breedings
resulting in the bobtail were not documented, we do have some early evidences of
the dog's appearance through artifacts. Paintings of a period give us an idea of
what the breed looked like in its early days.
Perhaps the earliest claim of a bobtail's appearance in a painting is in a
Gainsborough work dated 1771, depicting the Duke of Buccleuch with his arms
about an Old English Sheepdog-type of dog. There is some controversy about
whether the dog in this painting is actually a bobtail- some have said that it
appears to be merely an untrimmed dog of terrier type.
A painting done in the next century, however, portrays a dog that is undeniably
a bobtail- artist Sidney Cooper painted a dog said to possess true Old English
Sheepdog type (type refers to those characteristics that set one dog apart from
another).
They were used largely for driving sheep and cattle to markets of the metropolis.
The drovers dogs were exempt from taxes and to prove their occupation, they were
docked. Some believe that the nicknames "bob" and "bobtail"
trace to this custom. It is not true that the practice of removing the tail ever
produced a breed with naturally bobbed tails or tailless dogs. Very few dogs
were ever born without tails, or with very short tails. The tail is removed at
the first joint around 3 days old.
There are those breeds of dog that have been arrived at through definite plans-
some of our tiny breeds have been bred down selectively by breeders from their
larger counterparts-the Miniature Poodle is an example of this. Another type of
selective breeding is responsible for creating a dog that suits the breeder's
purpose- as an example, the Doberman Pinscher was developed by a German who
wanted a breed of staunch guard dog.
There have also been breeds that evolved naturally, performing specific
functions for man and adapting to the climates and tasks they found themselves
confronted with. One of these natural breeds is the Old English Sheepdog, which
originated quite simply from old stock that nobly served man in his control over
livestock and protection of farms and homesteads.
The heavy, long coat of the breed can be said to be a natural adaptation,
serving the dog in icy winters as insulation from cold and precipitation, and in
the hot summers from the blistering rays of the sun. Had the dog evolved in a
climate that was hot all year long, nature would have accommodated aptly, giving
the bobtail a thinner, shorter coat.
As with many breeds whose origins found them serving in a working capacity to
man, be it as a hunter, guardian, draught dog, or herder, the bobtail eventually
was given its own category at dog shows, thanks to its rising popularity. The
first show appearances by bobtails occurred in their native England, and the
breed's natural beauty quickly became apparent to British dog fanciers. It was
in the second half of the 19th century that the bobtail caught on at the English
shows. A month the first of the dog's official show appearances in its native
land was at the Agriculture Show in Islington.
Existing records show that the first Old English Sheepdog to have been imported
from his native England into the United States was one "Bob", bought
by the Glencho Kennels of East Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in 1885. Soon after, Bob
was exhibited at a show in Philadelphia. By 1890, just five years after the
first bobtail appeared in this country, the breed was in the Westminster Kennel
Club Show. At this show, a grand total of 56 Old English Sheepdogs was entered
into competition, showing the breed was beginning to catch on in popularity
among American fanciers. The bobtail had been accepted officially as a breed
with the American Kennel Club two years earlier.
The dog has great intelligence, affection, and makes an ideal house dog. It has
a tender mouth and can be trained as a retriever and they make great sled dogs
as well.
Males should be 22 inches and up, females 21 inches and up. Their coat is
profuse but not so excessive as to give the impression that the dog is overly
fat. It has a good hard texture, not straight but shaggy, and free from curl.
They can be any shade of gray, grizzle, blue or blue merle with or without white
markings.
Health concerns in the breed include Portosystemic shunt which is a blood vessel
that bypasses liver tissue, carrying blood from the intestines, stomach, spleen,
and pancreas to the heart before it can be filtered and cleansed of proteins,
sugars, bacteria, and toxins. Shunts are present in all fetal mammals and
usually close down shortly before or after birth so that the baby's liver takes
over the functions of filtration, storage, and production. In some individuals
the shunt doesn't close down or develops in an abnormal place, and the animal's
liver doesn't get enough blood supply to grow or function properly.
Hip dysplasia which is a painful condition caused by abnormally formed hips and
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) which is a degenerative disease of the retinal
visual cells which leads to blindness are also problems that can occur.
******************** |
